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            List of years in paleontology       (table)
 1854 .  1855 .  1856 .  1857  . 1858  . 1859  . 1860 
1861 1862 1863 -1864- 1865 1866 1867
 1868 .  1869 .  1870 .  1871  . 1872  . 1873  . 1874 

Paleontology, palaeontology or palæontology (from Greek: paleo, "ancient"; ontos, "being"; and logos, "knowledge") is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, coprolites, palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because mankind has encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred in the year 1864.

Plesiosaurs[]

Newly named plesiosaurs[]

Name Status Authors Notes

Eridanosaurus

Valid

Balsamo-Crivelli

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